Eora Documentation

MRIO structure

This workbook shows:

• Eora26 Sector Classificaton - Sector defintions used in Eora26. The Eora26 sector classification is based on common sector classifications, but no concordance matrix to/from other classifications is available. Such concordances are maintained, but we reserve these for use in paid projects or academic collaborations
• National IO Table file layout - An explanation of how the National IO Tables are layed out
• Full Eora MRIO Layout - How national IO transaction matrices, trade blocks, VA, and FD blocks are layed out in the full Eora MRIO.
• MRIO Matrix Names - Common abbreviations and names for the major components of an IO table
• Dummy MRIO - A complete, functioning dummy MRIO systems (with 3 countries each with 3 sectors), including trade masks and the use of the Leontief inverse
• Using trade masks - Example how of how to use trade masks to evaluate trade flows

How to cite

To cite Eora work please refer to these papers:

Lenzen M, Kanemoto K; Moran D, and Geschke A (2012) Mapping the structure of the world economy. Environmental Science & Technology 46(15) pp 8374–8381. 10.1021/es300171x. Supplementary Information

Lenzen, M., Moran, D., Kanemoto, K., Geschke, A. (2013) Building Eora: A Global Multi-regional Input-Output Database at High Country and Sector Resolution. Economic Systems Research, 25:1, 20-49, 10.1080/09535314.2013.769938

MRIO model intercomparison

Several MRIO models exist. There is variation in the CBA results across models, but this variation is generally considered acceptable. For more on intercomparison see:

D. Moran, Wood, R. (2014) Convergence between the Eora, WIOD, EXIOBASE, and OpenEU's consumption-based carbon accounts. Economic Systems Research. 10.1080/09535314.2014.935298

Learning MRIO

Below is a list of resources (papers, reports, and video) that can help in learning basic IO analysis.

• Carbon footprint and Input-Output Analysis - An Introduction - by Tommy Wiedmann
• Introduction to Environmentally Extended IO Analysis - By Anke Schaffartzik and colleagues at the Institute for Social Ecology in Vienna
• An Introduction to Environmentally-Extended Input-Output Analysis - by Justin Kitzes
  
• Calculating Value Added in Trade - A User Guide - by Aqib Aslam and colleagues at the IMF
• Handbook on Supply, Use and Input-Output Tables with Extensions and Applications - Comprehensive and authoritative.
• Eurostat Input-Output Manual - Along with the UN System of National Accounts, a canonical reference manual
• Liang et al 2017 - This paper provides a presentation of "income-based responsibility" that assigns emissions responsibility to primary suppliers that enable downstream emissions by providing inputs.

The Industrial Ecology Open Online Course from the University of Freiburg provides several video lectures and examples to help learn input-output analysis. Refer to Methodology 5: Input-Output Analysis

The MRIO lecture video series by Prof. Lenzen is highly recommended if you are new to IO.

Two commonly used textbooks on IO are Input-Output Analysis: Foundations and Extensions [amazon.com] by Miller and Blair and Handbook of Input-Output Analysis by Thijs ten Raa.

Additional papers

Most of the main papers presenting Eora and Eora-based results are provided above and in the individual applications sections (e.g. for carbon, water, and biodiversity footprints). We have also contributed to a number of additional papers related to the construction or use of MRIOs: